The Project Gutenberg EBook of Poeta de Tristibus: Or, the Poet's Complaint, by Anonymous This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Poeta de Tristibus: Or, the Poet's Complaint Author: Anonymous Contributor: Harold Love Release Date: September 8, 2013 [EBook #43673] Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK POETA DE TRISTIBUS *** Produced by Chris Curnow, Richard Tonsing, Joseph Cooper and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY POETA DE TRISTIBUS: OR, THE Poet's Complaint (1682) _Introduction and Notes by_ HAROLD LOVE PUBLICATION NUMBER 149 WILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK MEMORIAL LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES 1971 GENERAL EDITORS William E. Conway, _William Andrews Clark Memorial Library_ George Robert Guffey, _University of California, Los Angeles_ Maximillian E. Novak, _University of California, Los Angeles_ ASSOCIATE EDITOR David S. Rodes, _University of California, Los Angeles_ ADVISORY EDITORS Richard C. Boys, _University of Michigan_ James L. Clifford, _Columbia University_ Ralph Cohen, _University of Virginia_ Vinton A. Dearing, _University of California, Los Angeles_ Arthur Friedman, _University of Chicago_ Louis A. Landa, _Princeton University_ Earl Miner, _University of California, Los Angeles_ Samuel H. Monk, _University of Minnesota_ Everett T. Moore, _University of California, Los Angeles_ Lawrence Clark Powell, _William Andrews Clark Memorial Library_ James Sutherland, _University College, London_ H. T. Swedenberg, Jr., _University of California, Los Angeles_ Robert Vosper, _William Andrews Clark Memorial Library_ Curt A. Zimansky, _State University of Iowa_ CORRESPONDING SECRETARY Edna C. Davis, _William Andrews Clark Memorial Library_ EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Lilly Kurahashi, _William Andrews Clark Memorial Library_ INTRODUCTION _Poeta de Tristibus: or, the Poet's Complaint (PdT)_ was published by two newly established booksellers, Henry Faithorne and John Kersey, early in November 1681 (title-page dated 1682). The poem is only one of a large number of Restoration satires on writers as a group, its nearest neighbors in time being the pseudo-Rochester "A Session of the Poets," the anonymous "Advice to Apollo," Mulgrave's "An Essay upon Satyr," Otway's _The Poet's Complaint_, Robert Gould's "To Julian, Secretary to the Muses," the anonymous "Satire on the Poets," Shadwell's _The Tory Poets_, and Thomas Wood's _Juvenalis Redivivus_. It differs from these in its Hudibrastic meter, the richness of its biographical detail, and a relatively mild degree of animus against its victims, though there is quite a deal against poetry as art and trade. In the two introductory epistles, we are asked to believe first that the poem is the work of a young writer driven into exile by his poverty and secondly that the manuscript was sent from Dover to a relative on 10 January 1681 in acknowledgment of a piece of gold. It is possible, as will be seen, that this reflects an actual history; however, the matter is complicated by the existence of a second text, published by 12 November 1681 (Luttrell's date on his copy, now at Harvard, and apparently the only one still extant) as _The Poet's Complaint (PC)_ in which the story is presented in a slightly different form and the text of the poem is little more than a third the length of _PdT_. An advertisement placed in Nathaniel Thompson's _Loyal Protestant and True Domestick Intelligence_ on 19 November 1681 claims that the rival version, published by Dan Brown, was printed from a "spurious and very imperfect Copy which contains only the first Part of the said Poem, the three last Parts (which are the most considerable) being wholly left out, excepting some few lines of them foisted in here and there without any Sense or Coherence" and describes the Faithorne and Kersey manuscript as "from the Authors Original Copy in four parts (together with several Additions and Corrections by an Ingenious Person)." In a recent article (_PQ_, XLVII [1968], 547-562) the present editor has argued against this account of the poem's genesis, and has proposed the following hypothetical order of versions. (For the details of the argument the reader is referred to the article.) (1) An impromptu written as _The Poet's Complaint_ on or about 30 December 1680, for despatch to "a Person of Quality," using materials from a commonplace book dating from circa 1677. This assumption is based on the terminal dates of its collection of quotations from other writers which differs from that of _PdT_, and a disparity between the times of composition alleged in the epistles to the two poems--_PdT_ claiming "less than a fortnight's space" and _PC_ "less than three days space." (2) An enlarged version of #1 in four cantos completed by 10 January 1681. (The "Authors Original Copy.") (3) The version of #2 revised and augmented by "The Ingenious Person," who may or may not have been identical with the "Publisher," and printed as _Poeta de Tristibus_. It would follow that the near-simultaneous publication of versions #1 and #3 in November 1681 was wholly coincidental. My initial assumption that _PC_ represents an early draft rather than a truncated copy of _PdT_ has been reviewed with approval by my colleague David Bradley, using criteria developed during a study of analogous situations among Elizabethan dramatic texts. One of his most valuable observations is that the two versions are thematically distinct, _PC_ being a satire on backbiting, attacking those who abuse poets and poetry, and _PdT_ a more general study of the notion "Wit versus Wealth." It is unfortunately impossible to reproduce his more detailed comments since this would also involve reproducing sizeable sections of _PC_; however, the basic point concerning the direction of copying can be made in another way through the pattern of variants revealed in extracts from the epilogue to Lacy's _The Old Troop_ and Dryden's prologue to _Aureng-Zebe_ which are quoted in both _PC_ and _PdT_. Collation shows that both texts are derived from a lost intermediary which was in close though not complete agreement with _PC_ against _PdT_. This rules out any chance that this section of _PC_ could be derived from the printer's copy of _PdT_, and suggests that the intermediary is more likely to have been the hypothetical commonplace book or the MS of _PC_ than any four-canto text, though the second possibility cannot be dismissed on textual grounds alone. The only real clues to the authorship of the poem are the biographical details of the preface and the signature initials "T.W." following the author's epistle of _PC_--either or both of which may of course result from a conscious intention to deceive. Surprisingly, both seem to be relevant to the history of Thomas Ward, the author of the hudibrastic anti-protestant satire, _England's Reformation_ (1719), who is known to have left England at roughly the time suggested as that of the poem's composition. In the life of Ward prefixed to _An Interesting Controversy with Mr. Ritschel, Vicar of Hexham_ (1819), which appears to be based at an unknown degree of removal on a personal memoir, he is said to have been born on 13 April 1652, and to have returned to England in the thirty-fourth year of his age after at least "five or six years" abroad, a figure which may just be reconciled with a departure date in January 1680/1. However, other details of the case do not fit so well. To start with, it is hard to see how a man of twenty-eight could refer, as the author does in both epistles, to his "want of years, and a necessary Experience in the Ages humour." Nor is it easy to reconcile Ward's fervent Catholicism with a satiric allusion in _PC_ to non-preaching bishops--a favorite topic of Puritan polemic--or with a reference to the Pope as "Rome's great Idol." Ward is said in the _Life_ to have been a Catholic before his departure, and writes movingly in _England's Reformation_ of his friendship with the Yorkshire anchorite Father Posket, executed in March 1679. The matter is further complicated by the appearance of the initials "T.W." together with the dateline "Rome, June 10. 79. Stilo Novo." on a broadsheet of 1679, _A letter from Rome to a Friend in London in Relation to the Jesuits Executed, and those that are to be Executed in the Countryes_, which is in fact an anti-Catholic tract vigorously supporting the executions. For this to have been the work of Ward we would have to assume that he had set out for Rome at least two years before the departure of the Poeta and then suffered a violent relapse into Puritanism. On the other hand, if the pamphlet, as is quite probable, was really the work of one of Shaftesbury's propagandists in London, there would have been excellent reasons for attaching the initials of a known Catholic exile. As the year 1679 is also within the stated date-range of Ward's departure, the existence of the broadsheet must count marginally against his being the author of _PdT_. I can cast no further light on this mystery beyond proposing that if the story of the exiled poet is in fact a fabrication, the poem may have been the work of a younger (b. 1661) and Protestant "T.W." in the person of Thomas Wood, Anthony a Wood's nephew, later celebrated as a legal writer, poet, and controversialist and for his fondness for anonymous and pseudonymous publication. Two of Wood's poems, _Juvenalis Redivivus_ (published anonymously in 1683) and an elegy on the death of Oldham (included with Dryden's lines in the _Remains_ of 1684), are satires on the poets of a similar kind to _PdT_, while the second has a striking structural similarity to its opening canto. Neither _PdT_ nor _PC_ is included in Wood's list of his writings sent to his uncle in 1692 for inclusion in _Athenae Oxonienses_ (Bodl. MS. Wood F.45, f.#229), nor do they appear in _A Catalogue of Part of the Library of the Reverend Dr. Wood_ (London, 1723); however, neither omission need be significant. A third possibility is Thomas Walters, claimed by Anthony a Wood as the true author of William Bedloe's tragedy, _The Excommunicated Prince_ (1679); but I have found nothing beyond the fact he was an author to connect him with _PdT_, nor any evidence that either he or Thomas Wood spent the years 1681-1682 otherwise than accumulating time for their degrees at Oxford. Monash University BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE This facsimile of _Poeta de Tristibus_ (1682) is reproduced from a copy (*PR3291/P795) in the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library. POETA DE TRISTIBUS: OR, THE Poet's Complaint. A POEM _In Four_ CANTO'S. _Ovid de Trist._ _Parve, nec invideo, sine me Liber ibis in Urbem: Hei mihi! quo_---- _LONDON_, Printed for _Henry Faitborne_ and _John Kersey_, at the _Rose_ in St. _Paul_'s Church-Yard. 1682. _The Publisher's Epistle to the_ READER. _Courteous Reader_, The following Poem was presented me about a year ago; and (as it appears by the Author's Epistle to me) was designed only for my Private Divertisement: But numerous Draughts being dispers'd abroad, by the Unworthiness of a Gentleman I Trusted it withal, I was more easily perswaded to Publish the Original, to prevent the Inconveniencies of a Surreptitious Copy, which, without my Allowance, was designed for the Press. The Author being out of _England_, I would not venture to set his Name to it; nor have I presumed thus far, without extraordinary regret; not that I know any other Reason that enforces a concealment, besides that it was sent to me with such a Bond. I am sure no particular Person can pretend to any distaste; and _Satyr_ on general Subjects was ever Allowable, _Religion_ and _Government_ only excepted. But I must Confess, that in the Third Part of this Poem, there were some Capital Letters which began the Names of certain Poets of this Age, but them I have so altered, lest any Offence should be given, that by them I am sure no Discovery can be made. I will no longer detain you from your better Divertisement in the following Poem; which, if you have any good Nature, you cannot chuse but favour, especially if you carry along with you those several Circumstances which in the way will offer themselves to you in the Author's behalf. _Farewel._ The Author's Epistle. SIR, _My Obedience to your desire so happily concentring with my Inclination to this Subject, has in less than a fortnight's space produc'd what here you see. To you I need not make any Apology for its Artless Habit, who very well know my want of years, and a necessary Experience in the Ages humour; nor can you reasonably expect any extraordinary strokes from one whose thoughts are divided between so many various Afflictions; since_ Ovid _himself, when Condemn'd to Banishment, was forc'd to resign that Spirit of Poetry, which animated all his Works, besides that of his_ De Tristibus. _Besides, I must desire your Patience to observe, that (the Verse I use being a kind of Doggrel) it is but Natural that now and then it should run harsh and rugged; nor do I believe I have done amiss by forcing my self sometimes to be so very plain and familiar. As for the Rhyme and Measure, though perhaps they may not always answer the strictest Law, yet I do not think it worth the while to make any excuse for that, being faults so inconsiderable, that they are seldom reflected on, but by the meanest sort of Criticks, who want judgment to discern the Intrigues of Humour and Invention, which are the Principal Ingredients of a Poem, and which I must needs confess are here extreamly deficient: For as this little Poem was written_ extempore, _so it presumes to kiss your hand in its Native unpolish'd shape, not having the least thought or word of it Corrected; for to Morrow being the time we design to take Shipping, I had not so much leisure as to Transcribe it._ _I must Confess, it seems unnatural, that one who pretends to the Title of a Poet, should endeavour, as I have done, to disparage his own Profession. However, the Poets of this Age, whom it most concerns, I hope will not take it unkindly of me, since doing thus, I only follow the Example they have given me; for in that short time of my Residence in_ London, _among all the Poets I was in Company with, I heard little else besides their Complaints, and unmerciful damnings both of the Times and one another. Neither have I seen a Modern Play but either began or ended in the same Tune. Some few of which I have, for Example-sake, here presumed to quote._ In the Prologue to _Aurenzebe_. _The Clergy thrives, and the Litigious Bar,_ _Dull Heroes fatten by the Spoils of War._ _All Southern Vices (Heav'n be prais'd) are here,_ _But Wit's a Luxury you count too dear._ In the Epilogue to the _Libertine_. _S Death! What a Devil would you have us do?_} _Each take a Prison, and there humbly sue,_ } _Angling for single Money in a Shoe?_ } In the Epilogue to _Monsieur Rogooe_. _I Am a Poet, and I'll prove it plain,_ _Both by my empty Purse, and empty Brain._ _I've other Reasons to confirm it too;_ _I've great, and self-conceits of all I do._ _As for my Play, I Pawn'd it to some Cit,_ _At least six Months before my Play was writ._ _But when the third day comes, away I run,_ _Knowing that then in sholes come all my Duns._ _If these things make me not a proper Poet,_ _He that has better Title, let him shew it._ In the Prologue to _Theodosius_; Or the Force of Love. _On Poets only no kind Star e're smil'd,_ _Curst Fate has damn'd 'em every Mothers Child._ _Therefore he warns his Brothers of the Stage_ _To write no more to an ingrateful Age._ _Think what penurious Masters you have serv'd;_ Tasso _ran mad, and Noble_ Spencer _starv'd_. _Turn then, who e're thou art, that canst Write well,_ _Thy ink to Gall, and in Lampoons excell._ _Forswear all Honesty, traduce the Great,_ _Grow Impudent, and rail against the State;_ _Bursting with Spleen, abroad thy Pasquils send,_ _And choose some Libel-spreader for thy Friend._ _The Wit and Want of_ Timon _point thy Mind,_ _And for thy Satyr-subject chuse Mankind._ In the Prologue to the Unhappy Favourite; or the Earl of _Essex_. _The Merchant, joyful with th' hopes of Gain,_ _Ventures his Life and Fortunes on the Main;_ _But the poor Poet oft'ner does expose_ _More than his Life, his Credit, for Applause._ In the Epilogue to the same Play. _Let those who call us Wicked, change their Sence,_ _For never Men liv'd more on Providence:_ _Not Lott'ry Cavaliers are half so poor,_ _Nor broken Cits, nor a Vacation Whore;_ _Not Courts, nor Courtiers living on the Rents_ _Of the three last ungiving Parliaments._ _So Wretched, that if_ Pharaoh _could Divine,_ } _He might have spar'd his Dream of seven lean Kine,_} _And chang'd the Vision for the Muses Nine._ } And a little after. _'Tis not our want of Wit that keeps us poor,_ _For then the Printer's Press would suffer more:_ _Their Pamphleteers their Venom daily spit,_ _They thrive by Treason, and we starve by Wit._ _Now I do not blame these Ingenuous Gentlemen for inveighing against the thing to which they owe their Ruin; nor were it to any purpose to endeavour to conceal a Truth so generally taken notice of: For who is Ignorant of this, that a Man, in all Professions, except that of Poetry, may with Honour advance a Livelihood? But that (though it may be sometimes found proper for the Divertisement of those few who have leisure to read it) was ever known to be most unprofitable to the Authors; for few or none have been Advanced by it, though many have been hindred by this Art of Versifying, from making their Fortune otherwise in the World. Yea, this Profession is grown so Vile and abject, that whereas others count it an Honour to be stiled Physicians, Barristers, or the like; these are offended with the very Name of Poet: And that with good Reason too, since Poetry only glories in Disguising the Truth; for which cause it begins to be Banished even from Theatres, to which alone it was Destinated; and Prose is now come in request, being prefer'd for its Gracefulness and Naturalness above it: By which means this Art is in danger to be confin'd to the Corners of Streets; to serve only for Songs and Ballads. Hence it was that_ Ovid _was so severely Punished by his Father, to make him leave off this Art, which proved so unlucky to him, that he became of a Rich_ Roman _Knight, a Miserable Exile among_ Barbarians. _Hence_ Plato _was pleased to Banish it out of his imaginary Common-Wealth. And_ Philip, _the first Christian Emperour, denied them those Immunities which he granted to all others. Numerous Instances of this Nature offer themselves to my Pen, but I must take care not to stretch my Epistle too far, for fear you should Reflect on it, what was formerly said on Sir_ William D'avenant's _Preface before his_ Gondibert, A Preface to no Book, a Porch to no House, Here is the Mountain, but where is the Mouse? _However, I must not neglect to desire this one Favour of you, that after you have taken the pains to peruse these undigested Lines, you would be pleased to bestow on them a Funeral Fire; or if you apprehend that Sentence to be too severe, I do most earnestly beg of you to keep them Secret to your self, without shewing them to your trustiest Friend, at least, with my Name_ _to them. It were superfluous now to engage you not to convey them to the Censorious World through the Press, since that, and more was already by the precedent Caution imply'd; besides, the Opinion I have of your Candour, is better grounded, than to admit of any such Jealousie._ _I will now only add my most hearty Thanks for all your Favours, particularly for the Piece of Gold I Received inclosed in your last Letter; and had some others of my Relations proved as kind to me as your self, or had I in my own Countrey met with encouragement any way sutable to my Endeavours, I had not in this Passion shaken hands with it. But now I am in hast to be gone, yet will for ever remain,_ _Dearest Cousin!_ Your assured, Faithful Friend, and most Humble Servant. Dated at _Dover_ the Tenth day of _January, 1680/1_. POETA DE TRISTIBUS: OR, THE Poet's Complaint. A POEM. _The First CANTO._ Since here I'm bandy'd up and down By the keen blows of Fortunes frown, Whil'st Art and Nature vainly strive To make th' unhappy Poet live; I'le fly such Native Plagues as these For Refuge, to the calmer Seas: And try if boading Stars dispence Ev'ry where the same influence. Climes vary Constitutions, so Why may not they change Fortunes too? Through th' habitable World I'le go, And if that fails, I'le search for new. Wit somewhere has a happy Reign, Or Nature gives us Thoughts in vain. Tho' here her bounty she provides For ev'ry thing which breaths besides. The Dunce made Batchelor of Art, Some Fustian Sermon learns by heart, Then Preaches 'fore a Country Squire,} Who his deep Learning does admire, } And gives him sixscore pounds a year.} But he must Marry th' Chamber-Maid, Who is, forsooth, a Mistress made: So he goes on with a fair hope, And of his Pulpit makes a Shop. So Quacks as eas'ly as they will, Can get Licenses to kill, Whil'st the hungry Poet may } For an _Imprimatur_ stay, } Till h'has eaten up his Play.} Yet since the Press has lately had Its Liberty, 'tis near as bad. For scarce a broken Shop-keeper, Or a cast Serving man grown bare, But herds among our starved Crew, And falls a Writing Poems too. The Plot, the Jesuit, and the Pope Are now grown Theams for ev'ry Fop. Who by such wretched, Ballad-ware, Makes Writing cheap, and Paper dear. See how the gaping Merchants range, Hunting their Chapmen on the Change, Whose Various Voices frame a sound, Like Billows when their Ships are drown'd, And in one hour more fat do sweat Than th' Poet in a year can get. Those worst of Atheists! who do hold There is no Deity but Gold! They hate the Poet 'cause he's poor, And only th' Golden Calf adore. Our Plays, they say, are wicked dear, Th' expence in Ballads will go far. Nay, I protest I've heard some say Plays are a kind of Popery. I'th' City-shops they're thought Profane, As were Minc'd-pies in _Cromwel_'s Reign. Where, when for _Dryden_'s Works I came, They vow'd they never heard his Name. But they had _Baxter_'s, if you please, And such-like precious things as these. Bless 'em from Plays; they'd rather go Unto a Conventicle, or so. The Stationer grows fat on th' gain, He sucks from the poor Poet's brain. He, and the Printer, who does know Nothing beyond the Cris-cros-row, Do still their Heads together joyn To cheat the Poet of his Coyn. Whil'st he, poor Drudge! must toil and sweat Honourable stabs to get; And is forc'd to sigh, and stay For the Lawrel 'till he's gray: And at last together come To his Honour, and his Tomb. Tho' when dead, his Friends may'nt raise Enough to gild his Fun'ral Bays. The Players, who scarce know to write Their Names, or spell one word aright, Or read their Parts, unless writ fair In a large _Roman_ Character, Call us their Slaves, who for their gain Must toil, and all their faults sustain. In gay Attire each day they shine; Eat well, and drink the Richest Wine, All fat and plump, except some few The _French-man_ prov'd invet'rate to. Look how they strut it as they go! } And in the streets make such a show,} As if they'ld there Act Princes too!} While th' Poet sneaking all alone In some by-lane where he's unknown; No farther than his Pot can go, And has a Pipe to th' bargain too. I hardly a poor Lawyer know, Unless some who are Poets too. They thrive by Rapine and Revenge, And making Enemies of Friends: Feeding on others hopes and fears, On Orphants groans, and Widows tears. In short, the World it self; and all We Trade, and Art, and Science call, Are grand Impostures; false and vain, Invented but to bring in gain. Astronomy does our Faith engage, And with dark Notions cheats the Age: But take off its Disguise, you'll see It is as feign'd as Poetry. Else let it for a certain show Whether this Globe has Wings or no, Or _Ovid_ blame, who said, the Sun Did run away with _Phaeton_. I cannot chuse but laugh to think If these poor Moon-calves had no Drink But that same thinnish, blewish Whey Press'd from green Cheese i'th' Milky-way; When Goddesses make the New Moon, How soon they'd throw their Cross-staves down! What is Geometry, I'ld know, But a false Brat of Fancy too? If 'tis a Science, let it tell How far from hence the Stars do dwell; And due proportion give between A _direct_ and a _crooked Line_. Yet while the Dotards sit at home, Each _Line_ is tip't with Golden _Plumme_; And still we find that each _Right-Angle_ Some Gain or other does entangle; As Tonnellers catch Partridge; so Geometricians, you must know, Although in other things but Asses, } They eat, and drink, and sleep with Lasses} Between the Legs of their _Compasses_. } So th' Natural Philosopher 'S perpetual Motion keeps a stir, But straight his Engines rest obtain, And all the Motion's in his brain; Except some easie hand, forsooth, That opens but to fill his mouth. Rhet'rick, which we so much adore, Ne'r had a perfect Orator. And yet their mouths provide; I trow,} As lame and cripled people's do, } Who lie, because they cannot go. } And what is Logick, but a cheat? Nothing, or something worse than it. A _Delphick_ Sword, bends any way } To make Truth yield to Sophistry, } And bring home Gold from _BARBARA_.} The lingring Chymsts blow their fire, Till their own Lamps of Life expire; And searcheth for th' Inchanted stone, Till they themselves grow cold as one; Which they would quickly do, but that 'Tis written in the Book of Fate, The great work (much too great for one) Cannot be carried on alone, But asks more hands; and so another, That's Rich, helps his poor Chymick Brother. Speak, dull Philosopher; what's all You, in mistake, do Science call? Since _Socrates_ with much ado, Learn'd only that he nothing knew. There's nothing unconfin'd and free, Except the Soul of Poetry, When it does on our Organs play. Throw all your Mystick Books away, And study Natures Library: Mount up to Heaven's refulgent Throne, There by the Lab'ring Muses drawn. First, pause a while, then Write, and all The Gods to Convocation call; Then with Imperious frowns survey Poor Mortals damn'd to treading clay; And raising Piles, till pitying Fate Pulls the brick ruins on their pate. There laugh at Princes, who do groan Under the burden of a Crown: And condemn Riches, which we see} Is but a Golden Slavery; } We're Richer far in Poetry. } But hold!---- I'm almost starv'd, as I'm a Sinner, Prethee, _Jack_, Trust me for a Dinner. Poor Poet! what a wretch th'art grown? Cast to a Dungeon from a Throne! Thou who but now did'st reach the Sky, Low as Despair art forc'd to lie: Those soaring thoughts thou didst admire, With thy Poetick rage expire. 'Twas but a Dream, and now I see Riddles unty'd to Fetter me. The Angels height procur'd their Thrall, But 'tis my lowness makes me Fall. Had Nature giv'n me a Rich Mine, As other Fops I'd happy been; Nor had I been exposed thus, To make my plaints ridiculous. For Wit and Wealth such Rivals are, That they can't Reign in the same Sphere, But as when Kings each other thwart, Th' unhappy Subjects feel the smart: So those t' whom Nature has been kind, Must Fortunes Rage and Malice find. And 'till these Friends and Partners grow, Who can have Wit and Money too? But if the World hath such a Creature, He's Monstrous, and not made by Nature. Poets are Chymists, who want skill To perfect Metals as they will; Yet Clothes, or Money, what you please, Be sure they'l turn to _Sack_ with ease; Then with that _Sack_ they can prepare } Castles, nay, Kingdoms in the Air, } And carve themselves whole Lordships there.} But since they here so disagree About a paltry Lawrel Tree, I wonder what a Dev'l they do, When to these fancy'd Lands they go: But hold! they'l all be De'ties there, And every one will have his Sphere. For all the Gods of which we read, Were by th' Almighty Poets made: And they who did their God-heads make, May at their pleasures take 'em back. _The Second CANTO._ How often have I seen the Taylor, The Shoe-maker, and Milliner, And ev'ry Fop that sells his Ware, O're this poor Creature domineer? And I can't choose but let you know it, How a curst _Broker_ met a _Poet_, Walking through _Smithfield_ on a time, O're whom he swagger'd thus in Rhime. Is this your Wit! the Devil take it! For without question he did make it. The truest Wit is Honesty, And to get Coyn your Debts to pay. Wit is an Ass, when Money's slow; Nay, 'tis that makes the Ass to go. Why? I am but a mean Trades-man, And yet do more than any Poet can. I walk the Streets, yet fear no Dun, Nor in their Debts, nor from 'em run. Nor yet for fear of being found out, Do walk half a mile about. Altho' you're in _White-Fryers_ lurking, I've certain Ingeneers a working: And, Sir, unless you quickly pay me, Expect a Visit from a _Baylie_. This Language less dismaid the Poet, Having been long accustom'd to it: Howe're, he thought it not amiss To give him these fair promises. Sweet Sir! I vow I'm mighty sorry You've so long tarry'd for your Mony: But should you my late Suff'rings hear, Pity would force you to forbear. Howe're, as soon as th' Term begin} I shall recruit my self agen; } For my _Play_ will be ready then. } Last Night the _Lord_--read what I'd made on't; And should I tell you what he said on't, 'Twould be immodest in the Author; But you'll hear more of it hereafter. How'ere, to tell you as a Friend, He did it mightily commend. And 'twixt me and you, he said, } He did not question to perswade } The _King_, and _Court_, to see it Play'd.} And if it takes, (which I don't fear) 'Tmay bring an hundred pounds, or near. And for your great Civility, Sir, you're the first I intend to pay. When this Doggrel Speech was ended,} The Poet, having lowly bended, } Took his leave, by me attended. } We had not walk'd past half so far As 'twixt _Fleet-Bridge_ and _Temple-Bar_, Ere my sad Brother was so kind, As thus to let me know his mind. Oh, wretched Man! what shall I do! Or whither had I best to go! _Job_ happy was, compar'd to me, A Prince in th' midst of's misery. Oh Heavens! since all his Griefs I know, Why have I not his Patience too? Hells self less Torment does contain Than is lodg'd in a Poet's brain; Howe're we may hereafter fare, I'm sure we meet Damnation here. I'd rather be a Dog; or Cat, The thing which next my self I hate. A Snake, an Adder, or a Toad: To these once _Egypt_'s Dotage bow'd. But me, the wretched'st thing e'r Born, Ev'n these by instinct loath and scorn. Then sighing, _Oh, my Play_! he cry'd; My _Play_ both _Houses_ have deny'd. They tell me, that their Summer-store Will all this Winter last, or more: Besides, that mine won't please the Times, Being Tragedy, and writ in Rhimes. Oh, I am ruin'd utterly! What shall I do! _My Play_! _My Play_! There's no one knows what pains I took, Ere I stretch'd it, to a Book. Nine Months my _Muse_ labour'd to bring Forth this Abortive, hapless thing: And suffer'd more than can be told Of Summers heat, and Winters cold. I've walk'd from Morning until Noon, 'Twixt _Lyon-Fields_ and _Kentish-Town_; Study'ng my self hungry and dry, I envy'd th' Beggers on the way. Then being forc'd to jogg it home Empty as a _vacuum_: I'd no way to appease my _Hostess_, But vow my _Play_ finish'd almost is; Then reading what I'd made of't o're, She'ld trust me for one shilling more. But since she heard it was refus'd, None can guess how I've been us'd. 'Bout Eight o'th'Clock on Thursday Morning, (My Angel then giving me warning) I had scarce lock'd my Door, but th' Baily Knock'd, saying, he'd a Letter for me: From first to last, he knock'd an hour, Ere I could get him to give o're; But when he saw it was in vain, The Rogue went swearing back again. But from that time to Sunday Morning, I kept the Fort, for all their Storming. Then without fear away I went; Thanks to the _King_ and _Parlement_. And now it is five days compleat, Since I had any thing to eat: Nor know I where to get Relief, No, not one Meal to save my Life. I've not a Neighbour, or Relation, But when they see me, quit their Station, And from me, as a Plague, they go, I wish my Creditors would do so! The Dev'l a rag of Clothes has _Jack_ 'Sides these you see upon my back; And they're so torn, I'm taken still For a walking Paper-Mill. My _Hat_ is like a Funnel grown, To vent the Vapours of my Crown. M' Eternal _Peruque_ does appear Golden, as _Apollo_'s Hair. And the Moss which hides my Face Is thicker, and as long as his. My _Breeches_ like th' Ship _Argo_ seem, Which is, and yet is not the same; For 'tis so patch'd, you cannot call One shred of 't the Original. As for my _Cloak_, 'tis well enough. Only 'tis out of Fashion now. But I'm content my Rags 't does hide, For this is an ill time for Pride. My _Stockings_ are worse rent and torn, Than ever _Poverty_ was drawn: And round about more _Stars_ appear } Than _Ursa major_ has in th' Sphere,} Or any _Constellation_ there. } My _Shoes_ made of thin _Spanish_ Leather, Do sigh, and sob this Rainy Weather: And in dumb Language of their own, Pity mine, 'cause their _Souls_ are gone. As for my _Linnen_, let 't alone,} It needs not a Description; } As I'm a Poet, I have none. } My lac'd _Crevat_ lies in _Shoe-Lane_, Pawn'd for Tripe, and Chitterlin, With an honest Mother there, One Mistress _Smith_, a Victualler. My _Shirt_ lies Morgag'd in a Celler, About the middle of _Long-Acre_, With a Shee-Cook, call'd _Goody Dutton_, For Porrage, Beans, and Chops of Mutton. Oh that I had a wooden Leg! Or but one Arm, then might I beg! I'd Steal or Cheat, did I know how, 'Tis better hang than perish so. I could not hear this piteous moan Unmov'd, nor let him sigh alone. But when I'd all the Comfort gave, He could from Friendly Advice receive; I lent him six-pence, which was half Of the small Stock I had my self. Then after many thanks, and vows, Unto _White-Fryers_ straight he goes: Where Bread and Cheese he said he'ld buy; Or fill himself with Curds and Whey. You see what Malice Fate has shown } To this poor Wretch, who once was known} To be the gayest Spark in Town. } One who would play at six-pence gleek, And go to _Creswel_'s once a week: Who Din'd at _Locket_'s ev'ry day, And sate in th' Boxes at a Play. Envy it self cannot dispraise His Poems, nor some of his Plays. Three of which just Applause did bear In the _Royal Theatre_. Lords and Knights desired to be Made happy in his Company; And did with a due Rev'rence mark Him, as he walk'd the Streets or _Park_. But this did in a moment cease, 'Twas but a sudden, short-liv'd blaze, Like that which is from Meteors sent, Which end their Shine when th' Fuel's spent. Running in Debt, and living High,} And the hissing of his last Play,} Did bring him to this Misery. } May all the Sons of _Helicon_ } Take heed, this Fate prove not their own!} For I've a shrewd suspicion! } I've seen the briskest of our Crew Walk peny-less, and hungry too, In _Temple-walks_, 'bout Dinner-time, Digesting his crude thoughts int' Rhime; Where, if he meets with a Sir-fool, With empty Head, and Pockets full, Up to him straight he'll make, and cry, Where does your Worship Dine to day? I was this Morning bid by two; } But Faith I don't much care to go,} I'd rather take a bit with you. } Then, stretching, swears he is not right, Since being plaguy drunk last Night. And's Company, you needs must know, _My Lord_--_Sir John_--and God knows who. But tho' the Gallant he attacks, Not the least Invitation makes: He must, he says, out of esteem, Not that he's Hungry, wait on him. Then as soon as Dinner's ended, And his last Work read and commended, (Which without Vanity, he says, Is th' best he writ, his Master-piece.) He whisp ring in his Cully's ear, Makes his Necessity appear: Tells him of his last-nights expence, And how he's not recruited since. Then begs his Pard'n, he must away,} To get a Ticket for th' new Play, } Acted at the _Duke's House_ to day.} I've sev'ral _Coffee-Houses_ known} By these unhappy Guests undone, } For People, now adays, are grown } So wise, they first of all peep in,} And if a Poet there is seen, } They presently down stairs agen. } For who a Devil cares to sit To be drawn by a Poet's wit? Sir _Am'rous_ can't make a Relation Of his last-nights Assignation. The _Sycophant_ can't exercise His Art, for these quick-sighted Spies: Nor _Fopling_ comb his Wigg, but they Make it a Humour for a Play. The Cheat, the Pick-pocket, and Bully, (Who're the best Guests, and spend most Money) Flie the loath'd House where these appear, As if the Constable were there. But there are some of Honour yet, } Who're great pretenders unto Wit, } And that they m'seem t' encourage it,} Will have a Poet at their tail; And whom to know that you mayn't fail, Has an old-fashion thread-bare Coat, Foul Linnen, Hat not worth a groat. If it be Summer, Freeze he'l wear; } In th' Winter Stuff, and that so bare, } His Lice can scarce find Harbour there.} Perhaps, he wears a Sword by's side, To 'ts Hilt one yard of Ribband ty'd. In fine, by all he meets, he's t'ane To be th' _Epitome_ of _Long-Lane_. And when their Lordships walk before To th' Tavern, or to see a Whore, He's caution'd not to come too nigh, Lest he disgrace the Company: But b'hind like one new fluxt does crawl, And lets each Foot-boy take the Wall. But when he comes to th' place design'd, Their Lordships use to seem more kind. There he may swagger, swear, and lie, And do any thing--but pay. Then after a sufficient stay, Borrows a Crown, and so good-by'e. _The Third CANTO._ I'd e'en forgot to let you know The Club w' once kept in _Channel-row_; Where _A_. & _B. C. D._ & _I_, Were th' elements o' th' Company: But all which past there was so common, 'Tis scarce worth th' pains of a Relation, How they kept a hideous pother, Damning the Times, and one another. Who most Glasses did destroy, Or with most Courage beat the Boy. How such-a-one commends a Whore, Which t'other prizes Sack before. Or who so neatly div'd away, Ere he his Reckoning did pay. Humours so trite as these, are known To ev'ry Tapster in the Town. But e're they so unruly grew, Thus each ones Character I drew. _A._ as 'tis first in th' Alphabet, So here he took the highest seat. As one whose Fortune, Birth, and Wit, Indeed did truly merit it. And here he neither struts nor swaggers, As I have known some Kings o' th' Beggers. But that convenient distance gave, Which else they'ld take without his leave. But him let all with Rev'rence name The Darling, and the Pride of Fame: Who's so all over wrapt in Bays, There's nothing to be seen but's Praise. He's one t' whom each Officious Muse Were of their Favours so profuse, That they have brought themselves to be Fed by his Mercy now; and we, The little Infants of the Art, } Do as severely feel the smart, } Deny'd a Younger Brothers part. } Nay, all our stocks won't mount t' a sum To pay him an _Encomium_. He's one whose Works, in times to come, Will be as Honour'd, and become Deathless as _Ben's_ or _Cowley's_ are, } As _Beaumont_, _Fletcher_, or _Shakespear_,} One he himself is pleas'd t' admire. } Nor could these Laureats living, be Better prefer'd, or lov'd than he. What could the _Muses_ more have done, Or _Apollo_ for a Son? Yet still he discontented is, And snarles at all the happiness The Richest Poetry can bring, And wounds it too with its own Sting. But who can blame that Active Soul, Which in a larger Sphere would roul? Whose Wit and Learning does deserve More than that narrow Art can give. Next unto _A. B._ took his place, Or Sir _Fopling_, if you please. I mean that Famous Limner, who So exactly his own Picture drew. Bless me! how neat a Wigg he has! What a rich Watch and Pocket-Glass! What a gay Suit trim'd all about! Made by a _French-man_ without doubt. His Ruffles and Cravat's all Lace, _Poynt a Venice_ he says it is. To what advantage does he wear His Rings? How stuft with Stones they are? One having this Inscription, _My Plow is all my Portion_. For you must know he's kept by a Miss, A _French_ one too, I've heard she is; Whose Favours tho' he strives to shew, Her scars he has, I assure you too. Here I must his Description end, For fear he should a Challenge send. Tho' he had better stay at home, To Hector Foot-boy, or a Groom. On th' other side Heroick _C._ Did seat himself most formally. Whose Clothes now did not seem so bad, Because he lately vampt 'em had. His Hat new dress'd, darn'd were his Hose, And neatly underlay'd his Shoes. His Lac'd Cravats again appear, } And his kind Laundress lets him wear} His Ruffles, and an Hankercher. } And now he seems to be a made Man, Since he an Int'rest got in _Cadem_-- Who now-and-then does not refuse A Crown, t' encourage a slow Muse, A Dish of Coffee, or Bochet, Or on a Sunday a Meals-meat. And 'tis most Charitably done, T' encourage such a wretched one, Without hopes of a Recompence, At least 'till two or three years hence, About which time his Play, we guess, Will be ready for the Press. He's one who much of _Oxford_ talks, Its stately Structures, Air, and Walks: Who, in his time, were Proctors there; } How often he was caught, and where, } Or with what craft he 'scap'd the snare.} But if you speak one word of's Chumb, The man immediately grows dumb. Then who sat next, if you would know it, 'Twas _D._ the brisk lack-latine Poet; Who'll talk of _Virgil_ and _Horatius_, _Homer_, _Ovid_, and _Lucretius_. And by the help of I know who, Sometimes presumes to quote 'em too. He's the fam'd Comedian of the Town,} Who near a dozen Plays does own, } Tho' I dare swear he ne'r writ one: } But he has good Acquaintance, tho, I am inform'd, a Lord or two, To whom he brings the lump; and they Club to mould it to a Play. And if my Author tells me right, Epistles too themselves they write. May they continue to do so, } Or else poor _D._ to th' Goal must go,} _Angling for single Money in a Shoe_. } Lastly, I must my self explain, One of the same unhappy Train: Who neither Wit or Learning boast, For both are in a Poet lost. Scatter'd to nought in his Carreer, Through Airy Roads, he knows not where. Neither do I hope to find One grain of Fortune left behind. For all I grasp'd which pleas'd me here, Whether they Wealth, or Honours were, As soon they were snatch'd back again, And swallow'd in this Hurricane. But, Sir, I need not op'e to you } These Ulcers of my Fate anew, } You've seen so oft, and pitty'd too.} I'll therefore only blame the Cause Which did such Miseries produce: And then for ever bid good-by'e To that starv'd Hag of Poetry. _The Fourth CANTO._ _Phoebus!_ art thou the God of Wit, Yet takest no more care of it? Because thou art invok'd by us, Must we be damn'd and tortur'd thus? And art resolv'd, lean Poverty Shall still thy Badge and Liv'ry be? As well, let Paper-Mills, and all The lousie Tribe of Begger's Hall, With the ragged Gipsie-Crue, Be Dedicated to thee too! All the _Muses_ ask thee why Thou 'dopt'st 'em to such Slavery! And suffer'st ev'ry Fop in Town, } For to insult and trample on } These rad'ent Di'dems of thy Crown!} Sure thou want'st _Pow'r_ to Rule below; For 'tis not _Policy_ to do so. No! _Kings_ their Greatness do secure By their _Subjects_ Wealth and Pow'r. Nay, th' _Gods_ may lose their Deities, If their Religious _Votaries_ Do so Poor and Needy grow, That they want _Victims_ to bestow. But Wit will above all things cease, Deny'd the helps of Wealth and Ease. It must be cherish'd and kept warm; Which, like the _Halcyon_, hates a Storm. But since I find I am us'd so, And treated worse than _Turk_ or _Jew_: Since the Tinker and his Trull Strut it with their Bellies full: Since the Cobler and the Sweep-Chimney Live happier and more safe than me, I'll quit thy Service, great _Apollo_, And some new Vocation follow: And tear thy _Idea's_ from my Brain, With thy starv'd, wretched Female Train. But must I from thy Service go Naked, in mid'st of Winter too? Did I for this a year, or more, Thy Airy, empty Shrine adore? Are thus my Cares and Watchings pay'd? The thousand Vows and Pray'rs I made? The Lights which on thy Altar shone, When thou wert forc'd to hide thy own? Think how ost thou hast me espy'd Walking by such a Rivers side! When I saw thy shining Beam Gild the smooth Surface of the Stream, Thou know'st I did thy Image greet, And sang a thousand Hymns to it. But since I find I am thus serv'd, Rent and torn, and almost starv'd, Yet would'st thou have me longer stay To expect a fairer Day? Should I be couzen'd to do so, And again my Vows renew, My Case would never better'd be } Under thy Conduct, no, tho' I } Should share in th' Immortality.} Loath'd Muse! Hag of my rest, be gone! Who'rt Scandalous as Av'rice grown: Common as any _Whetstone_-Whore, Where Poets learn their Stage-Amour. Go jilt among thy Vot'ries there, And clap 'em with Poetick fire! Flie to some Rhymer of the Town, By his lean, hungry Visage known! That Renegado, whifling Blade, Who's not himself but when he's Mad! But 'tis not all thy _Syren_-charms Can again tempt me to thy Arms: For I too well thy Couz'nage know, Thy hollow Heart, and painted Brow. How first thou to my Brain did'st creep, And whil'st my Sense was lock'd in sleep, Thou did'st before my Fancy's Eye A thousand gaudy Fantasms lay. Then thorow false Perspectives show Groves, where gilded Lawrels grow. And ev'ry Tree's Ambrosiack Root With Arms of Nectar clasp'd about, In whose bright Streams I did espie Nine Naked Airy Ladies play: Some swimming on their Backs were seen, Who rise aloft, then dive agen; Whilst others yet more Am'rous grew,} And seem'd not only to bestow } Brimmers, but gave Embraces too. } And th' little Mansions where they dwell,} Were some of Gold, and some of Pearl, } Tyl'd and Pav'd with Tortoise-shell. } A hundred things as vain as these, Did once my partial Fancy please: But when I look'd about to know Whether they real were, or no; I apprehended the mistake, As Dreams of Pleasures when we 'wake. For when the crafty _Muses_ thought They'd me for a Disciple got; They took the painted Scene away; Lay'd down their Smiles and Flattery, And now in their own Shapes appear Rough, and Ghastly, as they are. Wherefore once more, Ladies adieu! Farewel to _England_, and to you. For I'm resolv'd; and now ev'n Gain Shan't draw me to yee back again. Tho' _Juno_ should assure me more, Than she did _Paris_ heretofore: Or _Venus_ too at the same time; I would not give 'em thanks in Rhyme. No, tho' should all of you agree To give your _Helicon_ to me. Tho' those dear Bays I once did woo, } Should strive to cling about my Brow;} Nay, tho they were gilded too. } I'ld thence those fruitless Branches tear, And throw 'em with my Muse in th' fire. So what she so long courted, shall At last adorn her Funeral. Here I would end, be'ng much in hast, And tyr'd with scribbling so fast: Howe're a word or two I'll add, Lest you infer from what I've said, That Poverty's the only cause Which makes me thus desert my Muse. Thus far, indeed, the cause 't'as bin, As 'tis th' effect of such a sin. For who 'n that Art can hope to thrive, Which does such wicked Licence give? Whose first Founders _Pagans_ were, Groping for Truth they knew not where? And shall we _Christians_ Sacrifice To their Fantastick _Deities_? No, were I Rich 'nough to set up, I would not keep a Poet's Shop; Nor Traffick in such dang'rous Ware, They sell so cheap, and buy so dear. I'ld not pick up each Whore I meet, } Give her a _Guynie_ and a Treat; } Nor maintain Pimps nor Bawds for wit.} No, I'ld not give one brass Half-crown For all the Bawdry in the Town: For all th' Intrigues your _Whetstone_-Bawd, _More-Fields_, or _Tower-Hill_ afford. To see _Miss Betty_ ev'ry day, Dance Naked, or the Tumbler play. How well upon her Head she stood, Or with what Art she us'd the Rod. Or how she was unrig'd and kick'd, When _Sir John_ found his Pockets pick'd. I have not been at _Newgate_ yet, To learn the Lifter, or the Cheat. But such lewd Learning let alone To the brisk _Poets_ of the _Town_. _FINIS._ PRESS VARIANTS AND NOTES PRESS VARIANTS Copies collated: Clark (CLC); Trinity College, Cambridge, H. 6. 93^9 (CT1) and H. 10. 28^6 (CT2); British Museum (L); Folger (WF1); Folger/Luttrell (WF2). Sheet B--Outer Forme. _Uncorrected_: CT1, CT2, L, WF1. _Corrected_: CLC, WF2. B4^v, _l._ 7. Paragraph indentation supplied. Sheet B--Inner Forme. _Uncorrected_: CLC, CT1, WF1. _Corrected_: CT2, L, WF2. B4^r, _l._ 1. Chymsts] Chymists Sheet C--Inner Forme. _Uncorrected_: CT1, CT2, CLC _Corrected_: L, WF1, WF2. C3^v, _l._ 15. _Peruque_] _Perruque_ C4^r, _l._ 13. _Crevat_] _Cravat_ NOTES These notes are of necessity selective and are chiefly concerned with the identification of persons. No attempt has been made to indicate the complex textual relationships of the two versions. Where detailed evidence for identifications is not given, the reader is referred to the article mentioned above. Title-page. _Parve_ ... _quo_-. Ovid, _Tristia_, I, i, 1-2. A2^v-A3^v. The authors of the extracts are Dryden, Shadwell, Lacy, Lee, and Banks. The Banks extract is unlikely to have been in print for more than a few weeks at the time _PdT_ was published. The corresponding list in _PC_ is called "Quotations" and contains twenty-three passages of which only two reappear in _PdT_. A4^r: 15-16. _Philip, the first Christian Emperour._ Marcus Julius Philipus, c. 204-249. P. 2: 21-22. _Yet ... Liberty._ The press regained its liberty through the expiry of the Licensing Act in 1679. This passage does not occur in _PC_ and may be one of the "Ingenious Person's" additions to _PdT_. P. 3: 28. _Cris-cros-row._ I.e., Christ-cross-row. The alphabet with a cross before it as represented in horn books. P. 4: 4. _Honourable stabs._ Perhaps a reference to the attack on Dryden in Rose Alley on 16 December 1679, which was popularly attributed to various honorable persons satirized in Mulgrave's _An Essay upon Satyr_. P. 4: 9-10. _Tho' ... Bays._ Cf. John Aubrey on the funeral of Samuel Butler on 27 September 1680: About 25 of his old acquaintance at his Funerall. I myself being one of the eldest, helped to carry the Pall. His coffin covered with black Bayes. (_Brief Lives_, ed. O. L. Dick [London, 1958], p. 47.) P. 6: 7. _As Tonnellers catch Partridge._ A tunnel was a kind of net used by bird-catchers. P. 6: 21-22. _As ... go._ Cf. Donne's "A Lame Begger," _The Satires, Epigrams and Verse Letters_, ed. W. Milgate (Oxford, 1969), p. 51. P. 6: 27. _BARBARA._ The opening word of a mnemonic used in expressing the moods of the syllogism. P. 7: 21. _Lab'ring Muses._ _PC_ has "tab'ring" (i.e., playing on tabors), a fairly clear case of _lectio difficilior_. P. 10: 6. _How a curst Broker met a Poet._ The earlier part of the description seems to be hinting at the distresses of John Banks, who was reduced to poverty after two of his plays met censorship trouble; however, the closing section on pp. 16-17 is clearly meant to refer to Wycherley. It is possible that this is another of the "Ingenious Person's" additions. Indeed it would have to be as Wycherley's troubles did not begin until after the date given for the departure of the Poeta. P. 10: 21. _White-Fryers._ The sanctuary area on the city side of the Temple: Shadwell's Alsatia. P. 12: 1-2. _half ... Temple-Bar._ I.e., Whitefriars. P. 12: 26. _Being Tragedy, and writ in Rhimes._ Dryden abandoned rhyme with _All for Love_ (1677). Cf. Elkanah Settle's complaint in the preface to _Ibrahim_ (licensed 4 May 1676): "Another misfortune the Play had, that it was written in Rhime, a way of writing very much out of Fashion...." P. 16: 9. _Where Bread and Cheese he said he'ld buy._ This detail has some resemblance to a circumstance in Shiels and Cibber's account of the death of Otway, which may derive from a mistaken belief that he was the subject of the passage. See R. G. Ham, _Otway and Lee_ (New Haven, 1931), p. 214. P. 16: 14. _One who would play at six-pence gleek._ The index of extravagance at gleek seems to have advanced alarmingly in the course of the seventeenth century. Jonson in _The Devil is an Ass_ (V, ii, 31) specifies three-pence; however, Shadwell in 1680 was already foreseeing a shilling (_Works_, ed. M. Summers, IV, 60). P. 16: 15. _Creswel's._ The famous bawdy house, finally closed down in 1681. P. 16: 16. _Locket's._ An ordinary at Charing-Cross mentioned in many Restoration comedies. P. 16: 21. _the Royal Theatre._ Presumably the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, although the term could equally well be meant for the theatre at Whitehall. P. 17: 7. _the briskest of our Crew._ Probably Dryden, although the description has some problematical features. The fact that the poet is a rhymer and connected with the Duke's house rules out most other possibilities. P. 19: 1. _Will have a Poet at their tail._ Possibly Otway. In _PC_ (pp. 2-3), a shorter version of the description is combined with lines from the "Dryden" portrait--the one piece of evidence for the truncation theory: Then there are mighty Peers o' th' Realm, Whose conduct helps to steer the Helm: They're great pretenders unto Wit. And that they may seem to incourage it They'll have a Poet at their Tail: And that to know him they mayn't fail, He has an old fashion thread-bare Coat, Foul Linnen, Hat not worth a Groat; One points and cries, there goes _Long-lane_, Another cries, he's Long-and-Lean. For like one newly fluxt he'l crawl, And lets the Foot-Boys take the Wall. But when to th' Tavern they do go, Their Honours will more freedom show; There they may Swagger Swear and Lye, And doe any thing, but Pay: Damn ye, I din'd with such a Lord to Day, And such a Lord did like my Play: And without Vanity it is The best I writ, my Master-piece. P. 20: 2. _Channel-row._ The scene of this canto is Arthur Prior's Rhenish house in Channel-row near Whitehall. P. 20: 19. _A. as 'tis first in th' Alphabet._ In view of his exalted station, wealth, and Whiggish company, it is probably safe to identify "A" with Charles Sackville, Sixth Earl of Dorset, who is known as a habitue of Prior's wineshop through the stories of his encouragement of the owner's nephew Matthew. However, most details would apply equally well--in his own mind at least--to another prominent patron of the day, John Sheffield, Earl of Mulgrave. In this connection, it is interesting to note that Mulgrave's account at Child's bank records a payment of L20/--/--made on 14 May 1683 to a Thomas Wood. The name was, naturally, a common one. P. 21: 28. _And wounds it too with its own Sting._ Presumably a reference to Dorset's "On Mr. Edward Howard upon his British Princes" or Mulgrave's "An Essay upon Satyr." Both poems may be found in the first volume of the Yale _Poems on Affairs of State_ series (ed. George deForrest Lord [New Haven, 1963]). P. 22: 3. _Next unto A. B. took his place._ Sir George Etherege. The opening lines anticipate Dean Lockier's comment recorded by Spence that "he was exactly his own Sir Fopling Flutter" which may on the other hand be derived from it. See Joseph Spence, _Observations, Anecdotes, and Characters of Books and Men_, ed. James M. Osborn (Oxford, 1966), p. 281. P. 22: 17. _For you must know he's kept by a Miss._ Frederick Bracher has pointed out in a letter that Etherege was closely connected at this time with the circle of the Duchesse de Mazarin. See James Thorpe's note on "A Song on Basset," _The Poems of Sir George Etherege_ (Princeton, 1963), pp. 85-87. P. 22: 25. _Heroick C._ Elkanah Settle. P. 23: 7. _Cadem_----. William Cademan, Settle's principal publisher. P. 23: 23. _But if you speak one word of's Chumb._ Probably William Buller Fyfe, an Oxford friend who had assisted Settle with his first play, _Cambyses_. Fyfe was dead by the time the play reached the stage and Settle was criticized for bringing it out under his own name only. P. 23: 26. _D. the brisk lack-latine Poet._ Thomas Shadwell. The accusation that he knew no Latin was repeated by Dryden in _The Vindication of the Duke of Guise_ (1683) and is denied with characteristic stridency by Shadwell in _The Tenth Satyr of Juvenal_ (1687). The accusation that his plays were partly written by others is made by Dryden in _Mac Flecknoe_ ("But let no alien Sedley interpose") and is present by implication in Rochester's reference in "Timon" to "Shadwell's unassisted former Scenes...." Shadwell began his career as the collaborator of the aged Duke of Newcastle and acknowledges Sedley's help in his best comedy, _A True Widow_ (1678). He was on good terms with Rochester, Dorset, and Buckingham and addressed dedications to the two last. The references to Horace and Lucretius allude to the preface to _The Humorists_ and the opening scene of _The Virtuoso_, respectively. P. 24: 14. _Angling for single Money in a Shoe._ This line from the Epilogue to _The Libertine_ (1676) is quoted in context in the Author's Epistle. It also appears on the title-page of _PC_. P. 27: 14. _Whetstone-Whore_. A reference to Whetstone Park, a street at the North end of Lincoln's Inn Fields. The name was subsequently changed to Whetstone St., but has since reverted, perhaps under the liberalizing influences of its principal present-day occupants, _The New Statesman_ and the Olivetti typewriter company. P. 30: 12-17. _To ... pick'd._ The reference is apparently to one of the "posture artists" of Moorfields, another brothel district; however, there may also be an allusion intended to an incident in the Duke's playhouse on 23 June 1679, when John Churchill, the future Duke of Marlborough, attempted to cane Betty Mackerell, an orange girl, and was thrashed in his turn by Thomas Otway. See Ham, _Otway and Lee_, pp. 112-115. William Andrews Clark Memorial Library: University of California, Los Angeles THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY 2520 CIMARRON STREET, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90018 _General Editors:_ William E. Conway, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library; George Robert Guffey, University of California, Los Angeles: Maximillian E. Novak, University of California, Los Angeles _Corresponding Secretary:_ Mrs. Edna C. Davis, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library * * * * * The Society's purpose is to publish rare Restoration and eighteenth-century works (usually as facsimile reproductions). All income of the Society is devoted to defraying costs of publication and mailing. Correspondence concerning memberships in the United States and Canada should be addressed to the Corresponding Secretary at the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, 2520 Cimarron Street, Los Angeles, California. Correspondence concerning editorial matters may be addressed to the General Editors at the same address. Manuscripts of introductions should conform to the recommendations of the MLA _Style Sheet_. The membership fee is $5.00 a year in the United States and Canada and L.19.6 in Great Britain and Europe. British and European prospective members should address B. H. Blackwell, Broad Street, Oxford, England. Copies of back issues in print may be obtained from the Corresponding Secretary. Publications of the first fifteen years of the Society (numbers 1-90) are available in paperbound units of six issues at $16.00 per unit, from the Kraus Reprint Company, 16 East 46th Street, New York, N.Y. 10017. * * * * * Make check or money order payable to THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. REGULAR PUBLICATIONS FOR 1970-1971 145-146. Thomas Shelton, _A Tutor to Tachygraphy, or, Short-writing_, 1642, and _Tachygraphy_, 1647. Introduction by William Matthews. 147-148. _Deformities of Dr. Samuel Johnson_, 1782. Introduction by Gwin J. Kolb and J. E. Congleton. 149. _POETA DE TRISTIBUS: or, the Poet's Complaint_, 1682. Introduction by Harold Love. 150. Gerard Langbaine, _Momus Triumphans: or, the Plagiaries of the English Stage [A New Catalogue of English Plays]_, 1687. Introduction by David Rodes. * * * * * Members of the Society will receive copies of Clark Library seminar papers. SPECIAL PUBLICATION FOR 1969-1970-1971 Gerard Langbaine, _An Account of the English Dramatick Poets_ (1691), Introduction by John Loftis. 2 Volumes. Approximately 600 pages. Price to members of the Society, $7.00 for the first copy (both volumes), and $8.50 for additional copies. Price to non-members, $10.00. * * * * * Already published in this series: 1. John Ogilby, _The Fables of Aesop Paraphras'd in Verse_ (1668), with an Introduction by Earl Miner. 228 pages. 2. John Gay, _Fables_ (1727, 1738), with an Introduction by Vinton A. Dearing. 366 pages. 3. _The Empress of Morocco and Its Critics_ (Elkanah Settle, _The Empress of Morocco_ [1673] with five plates; _Notes and Observations on the Empress of Morocco_ [1674] by John Dryden, John Crowne and Thomas Shadwell; _Notes and Observations on the Empress of Morocco Revised_ [1674] by Elkanah Settle; and _The Empress of Morocco. A Farce_ [1674] by Thomas Duffett), with an Introduction by Maximillian E. Novak. 348 pages. 4. _After THE TEMPEST_ (the Dryden-Davenant version of _The Tempest_ [1670]; the "operatic" _Tempest_ [1674]; Thomas Duffett's _Mock-Tempest_ [1675]; and the "Garrick" _Tempest_ [1756]), with an Introduction by George Robert Guffey. 332 pages. Price to members of the Society, $3.50 for the first copy of each title, and $4.25 for additional copies. Price to non-members, $5.00. Standing orders for this continuing series of Special Publications will be accepted. British and European orders should be addressed to B. H. Blackwell, Broad Street, Oxford, England. THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS IN PRINT 1948-1949 16. Henry Nevil Payne, _The Fatal Jealousie_ (1673). 18. Anonymous, "Of Genius," in _The Occasional Paper_, Vol. III, No. 10 (1719), and Aaron Hill, Preface to _The Creation_ (1720). 1949-1950 19. Susanna Centlivre, _The Busie Body_ (1709). 20. Lewis Theobald, _Preface to the Works of Shakespeare_ (1734). 22. Samuel Johnson, _The Vanity of Human Wishes_ (1749), and two _Rambler_ papers (1750). 23. John Dryden, _His Majesties Declaration Defended_ (1681). 1951-1952 26. Charles Macklin, _The Man of the World_ (1792). 31. Thomas Gray, _An Elegy Wrote in a Country Churchyard_ (1751), and _The Eton College Manuscript_. 1952-1953 41. Bernard Mandeville, _A Letter to Dion_ (1732). 1963-1964 104. Thomas D'Urfey, _Wonders in the Sun; or, The Kingdom of the Birds_ (1706). 1964-1965 110. John Tutchin, _Selected Poems_ (1685-1700). 111. Anonymous, _Political Justice_ (1736). 112. Robert Dodsley, _An Essay on Fable_ (1764). 113. T. R., _An Essay Concerning Critical and Curious Learning_ (1698). 114. _Two Poems Against Pope_: Leonard Welsted, _One Epistle to Mr. A. Pope_ (1730), and Anonymous, _The Blatant Beast_ (1742). 1965-1966 115. Daniel Defoe and others, _Accounts of the Apparition of Mrs. Vea_ 116. Charles Macklin, _The Covent Garden Theatre_ (1752). 117. Sir Roger L'Estrange, _Citt and Bumpkin_ (1680). 118. Henry More, _Enthusiasmus Triumphatus_ (1662). 119. Thomas Traherne, _Meditations on the Six Days of the Creation_ (1717). 120. Bernard Mandeville, _Aesop Dress'd or a Collection of Fables_ (1704). 1966-1967 123. Edmond Malone, _Cursory Observations on the Poems Attributed to Mr. Thomas Rowley_ (1782). 124. Anonymous, _The Female Wits_ (1704). 125. Anonymous, _The Scribleriad_ (1742). Lord Hervey, _The Difference Between Verbal and Practical Virtue_ (1742). 1967-1968 129. Lawrence Echard, _Prefaces to Terence's Comedies_ (1694) and _Plautus's Comedies_ (1694). 130. Henry More, _Democritus Platonissans_ (1646). 132. Walter Harte, _An Essay on Satire, Particularly on the Dunciad_ (1730). 1968-1969 133. John Courtenay, _A Poetical Review of the Literary and Moral Character of the Late Samuel Johnson_ (1786). 134. John Downes, _Roscius Anglicanus_ (1708). 135. Sir John Hill, _Hypochondriasis, a Practical Treatise_ (1766). 136. Thomas Sheridan, _Discourse ... Being Introductory to His Course of Lectures on Elocution and the English Language_ (1759). 137. Arthur Murphy, _The Englishman From Paris_ (1736). 138. [Catherine Trotter], _Olinda's Adventures_ (1718). 1969-1970 139. John Ogilvie, _An Essay on the Lyric Poetry of the Ancients_ (1762). 140. _A Learned Dissertation on Dumpling_ (1726) and _Pudding Burnt to Pot or a Compleat Key to the Dissertation on Dumpling_ (1727). 141. Selections from Sir Roger L'Estrange's _Observator_ (1681-1687). 142. Anthony Collins, _A Discourse Concerning Ridicule and Irony in Writing_ (1729). 143. _A Letter From A Clergyman to His Friend, With An Account of the Travels of Captain Lemuel Gulliver_ (1726). 144. _The Art of Architecture, A Poem. In Imitation of Horace's Art of Poetry_ (1742). Publications of the first fifteen years of the Society (numbers 1-90) are available in paperbound units of six issues at $16.00 per unit, from the Kraus Reprint Company, 16 East 46th Street, New York, N.Y. 10017. Publications in print are available at the regular membership rate of $8.00 yearly. Prices of single issues may be obtained upon request. Subsequent publications may be checked in the annual prospectus. * * * * * Transcriber's Notes: Obvious spelling and typos corrected in the prose. Poetry lines corrected to image. 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